Today Schedule Teacher resources Tools Math concepts
Day 10
Distance Formula
How Far Did Your Ball Actually Travel?
The Distance Formula
The shortest path between two points on a grid
Key Words
Coordinate
Two numbers that name a spot on a grid — written (x, y). Example: (4, 2) means 4 across, 2 up.
Distance
How far apart two points are — measured in a straight line.
Grid Unit
One square on the field. The field is 8 units wide and 4 units tall.
√ (square root)
The opposite of squaring. √16 = 4 because 4 × 4 = 16. Your calculator has a √ button.
See It First — What Is Distance?
Distance is the straight line between two points. Watch how it builds from two simpler pieces.
← x₂ − x₁ = 4 units → y₂ − y₁ = 2 units ↑ d = DISTANCE A (1,1) B (5,3)
① Two Points
② Across →
③ Up ↑
④ Distance ↗
Across →How far left or right?
(x₂ − x₁)
Up/Down ↑How far up or down?
(y₂ − y₁)
Distance ↗The straight line.
= d (what we find)
The Formula
Distance between two points
d = √ ( (x₂ − x₁)² + (y₂ − y₁)² )
d = the distance  ·  x₁, y₁ = first point  ·  x₂, y₂ = second point
(x₂ − x₁)²
Subtract the x-values. Then square it (multiply by itself).
(y₂ − y₁)²
Subtract the y-values. Then square it.
+ (add)
Add the two squared numbers together.
√ (root)
Take the square root of the total. That's your distance.
Practice tool: drop in any two points and watch the formula unfold step by step.
Open distance calculator →
Common Mistake — Two Different Paths
Using x = 3 and y = 4 — same numbers, different order — different answers:
✗ Wrong Order
x = 3   y = 4
↓ add first ← ERROR
3 + 4 = 7
↓ then square
7² = 49
↓ root
√49 = 7 ✗
✓ Right Order
↓ square each first
x=3
3²=9
y=4
4²=16
↓ then add
9 + 16 = 25
↓ root
√25 = 5 ✓
Worked Example — Watch Each Step

Distance from A = (1, 1) to B = (4, 5)

The Right Triangle — A(1,1) to B(4,5)
d = √(3² + 4²) = √25 = 5 ✓ 3 units across (x₂ − x₁ = 4 − 1) 4 units up (y₂ − y₁) A (1,1) B (4,5)
Square 3 and 4 separately → add → square root = 5
Hover (or tap) each step — it lights up in the diagram above
1
Write the two points.
A = (1, 1)  ·  B = (4, 5)
2
Subtract x-values: 4 − 1 = 3
Square it: 3² = 9
3
Subtract y-values: 5 − 1 = 4
Square it: 4² = 16
4
Add both squared results: 9 + 16 = 25
5
Square root: √25 = 5
Distance = 5 grid units ✅
Today's Fixed Points — These Never Change
A
(4, 2)
Tip-off — always
B
( ? , ? )
You pick this next
G
(8, 2)
Opponent's goal

B is where the ball landed after your bot's best charge in Season 1. You will place it on the grid in the next section.

Mark the Field
Tap the grid to place Point B — where did the ball land?
The 8 × 4 Field — Tap to Place Point B
Think back to Season 1. After your bot's best charge — which grid square did the ball end up in? Tap that square. B is your estimate — it does not need to be perfect. The math works either way.
A G B
A = Tip-off (4,2)
G = Opponent Goal (8,2)
B = Your Ball Position (tap to place)
A
(4, 2)
Tip-off · fixed
B
Tap grid ↑
Your ball position
G
(8, 2)
Opponent goal · fixed
👆 Tap the Grid Above

Tap anywhere on the field to place Point B. Choose the square closest to where the ball actually landed.

Three Calculations
Fill in each blank. The formula guides you step by step.
Rule: Square each part separately — then add
x = 3
3² = 9
+
y = 4
4² = 16
9+16=25
√25 = 5 ✓
1
Distance A → G  (Tip-off to Opponent's Goal)
A = (4, 2) → G = (8, 2) Both given — just follow the steps.
Step 2 — x values: x₂ − x₁ = 8 − 4 =  → squared: ( )² =
Step 3 — y values: y₂ − y₁ = 2 − 2 =  → squared: ( )² =
Step 4 — add: + =
Step 5 — √ : d = √ = grid units
💡 I'm getting a different number
Check Step 2: 8 − 4 = 4, then 4² = 16. Check Step 3: 2 − 2 = 0, then 0² = 0. Step 4: 16 + 0 = 16. Step 5: √16 = 4. The answer for A→G is always exactly 4 grid units.
2
Distance B → G  (Your Ball to the Goal)
B = (?, ?) → G = (8, 2)
Step 2 — x values: x₂ − x₁ = 8 − ? =  → squared:
Step 3 — y values: y₂ − y₁ = 2 − ? =  → squared:
Step 4 — add: + =
Step 5 — √ : d = √ ≈ grid units
💡 Hint for B → G
Follow the same steps as A→G. Use your B coordinates from the grid. For Step 5, use your calculator's √ button and round to the nearest whole number.
3
Distance A → B  (How Far Did the Charge Move the Ball?)
A = (4, 2) → B = (?, ?)
Step 2 — x values: x₂ − x₁ = ? − 4 =  → squared:
Step 3 — y values: y₂ − y₁ = ? − 2 =  → squared:
Step 4 — add: + =
Step 5 — √ : d = √ ≈ grid units
💡 Hint for A → B
A is always (4,2). B is your placed coordinate. Subtract: B_x − 4 for x, B_y − 2 for y. Square each. Add. Take the square root.
Compare + Reflect
See your three distances — then answer four questions
Your Field + Three Points
A reminder of what you marked: A = tip-off (4, 2), B = your ball position, G = goal (8, 2).
A
(4, 2)
Tip-off
B
—
Your ball
G
(8, 2)
Goal
Your Three Distances
A → G
—
A → B
—
B → G
—
DistanceYour Formula ResultGrid Count Check
A → G (tip-off to goal) —
A → B (charge distance) —
B → G (remaining to goal) —
📏 Grid Count Check: Walk to the field. For each pair of points, trace the straight line between them and count the grid squares that line runs along — count straight across for a flat line, or corner-to-corner through the squares for a slanted one. Write those counts in the table above. If your count is more than 1 off from the formula, check Step 2 of that calculation.
Reflect — Answer as a Team
Question 1
How much of the full A→G distance did your charge close? Write it as a fraction and a percent.
A→G = ? units  ·  A→B = ? units
Fraction: A→B ÷ A→G = _____  ·  Percent: _____ %
💡 How do I write it as a fraction?
Divide: A→B ÷ A→G. Example: if A→B = 2 and A→G = 4, the fraction is 2/4 = 1/2 = 50%. Your charge closed half the distance.
Your charge moved the ball units. That is out of 4 total units, which is %.
Question 2
How many straight-line charges like this would theoretically be needed to score from tip-off?
Divide A→G by A→B. Round up to the nearest whole number.
Example: If A→G = 4 and A→B = 2, you need 4 ÷ 2 = 2 charges (minimum).
💡 What if I get 1?
Getting 1 means your charge is long enough to score in one shot — theoretically. Did that actually happen in your match? If not, think about why: the path may not be perfectly straight, or contact may have been off-center.
A→G ÷ A→B = ÷ ≈ . So you would need about charges to score.
Question 3
The formula gives a straight-line distance. Why might your calculated A→B be different from where the ball actually ended up?
💡 Think about what happened during the charge
Your B is an estimate from memory — not an exact measurement. Also think about: did the scoop hit the ball in the center? Did the ball roll straight, or curve? A straight-line formula can't account for roll or off-center contact.
Question 4 — Season 2 Decision
Name one stat you would change for Season 2 to close more distance in a single charge. What is the tradeoff?
Power controls charge speed and follow-through distance.
Increasing Power costs points from another stat.
Name the stat you'd increase, the stat you'd reduce, and why that tradeoff makes sense.
💡 I'm not sure what to reduce
Look at your Season 1 stat card. Which stats did you put the most points into? If you increase Power by 2, you need to take 2 points from somewhere. Ask: which stat matters less for closing distance — Speed, Endurance, or Turning?
Calculations Complete!
You used the distance formula three times, compared formula results to real-world distances, and named a Season 2 stat decision. Your Q4 answer goes into your reallocation next week.